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Coaxial (coax) cables work well to transmit electronic signals (data or anything else). First, let's look at the construction. Coax cables are composed of a center wire that is surrounded by an insulator (or dielectric) and then the whole of the inside is surrounded by a shield (like wire braid). There is (usually) a vinyl or rubberized jacket over the whole thing. The central wire and the shield act similar to two wires in a "twisted pair" configuration. In a basic or simple model of conduction by two wires, a voltage is applied to the ends of the two wires. Current will then flow (if it can) "out" from the source on one wire, and "back" toward that source on the other. At another instant of time, current flow in the wires will be reversed. It doesn't matter if the wires are a flat pair, like in a lamp cord, a twisted pair, like in a pair for connecting a phone, or the two conductors (the center conductor and the shield) as in a coax cable. (Certainly the characteristics are different in all types of conductors. Keep it simple here....) The coax cable has some, um, quirks. But the curious reader can find out more by using the link to the article posted by our friends at Wikipedia, where knowledge is free.

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