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Contrast the IPv4 and the IPv6 header fields?
Simplified header format. IPv6 has a fixed length header, which does not include most of the options an IPv4 header can include. Even though the IPv6 header contains two 128 bit addresses (source and destination IP address) the whole header has a fixed length of 40 bytes only. This allows for faster processing. Options are dealt with in extension headers, which are only inserted after the IPv6 header if needed. So for instance if a packet needs to be fragmented, the fragmentation header is inserted after the IPv6 header. The basic set of extension headers is defined in RFC 2460.
What IPv6 header field is used to identify the upper layer protocol or optional extension headers that are appended to the end of an IPv6 packet?
next header
The Protocol field used in IPV4 header is not present in the fixed IPV6 header Why not?
The Protocol field in the IPv4 header, which specifies the transport layer protocol used (like TCP or UDP), is not present in the fixed IPv6 header because IPv6 uses a more flexible approach with extension headers. Instead of a single Protocol field, IPv6 allows for multiple extension headers to be used, which can carry information about the transport protocol and other features. This design improves efficiency and scalability, enabling better handling of various protocols and options without cluttering the main header.
Why does IPv6 use separate extension headers instead of fields in a single fixed header?
IPv6 includes an improved option mechanism over IPv4. IPv6 options are placed in separate extension headers that are located between the IPv6 header and the transport-layer header in a packet. Most IPv6 extension headers are not examined or processed by any router along a packet's delivery path until it arrives at its final destination. This facilitates a major improvement in router performance for packets containing options
How much overhead would this be if IPv6 is tunnelled over IPv4?
When tunneling IPv6 over IPv4, the overhead primarily consists of the additional IPv4 header and any encapsulation overhead. An IPv4 header is typically 20 bytes, while an IPv6 header is 40 bytes. Thus, the total overhead for tunneling one IPv6 packet over IPv4 would be 20 bytes, resulting in a total packet size increase of 20 bytes for every IPv6 packet transmitted. This additional overhead may impact performance, especially in networks with high traffic or limited bandwidth.
What is the correct order for PDU encapsulation?
Frame Header - Network Header - Transport Header - Data - Frame Trailer
What encrypts the data transmitted between your computer and a website?
cookie
What is the effect of configuring the IPv6 unicast-routing command on a router?
By configuring an IPv6 Unicast routing command on a router you are allowing the router to communicate with the IPv6 interface. This is needed if you intend to send or receive data over an IPv6 network.
How can dns distinguish between ipv4 and ipv6 host in determining which resource record to return?
It reads the protocol/bit stream/header
In IPv6 which field is used in conjunction with the authentication header and the destination address to identify the security association to be implemented for the AH?
SPI field
Which header has the source and destination MAC address?
data link header
What symmetric algorithm encrypts data one bit at a time?
Example of a stream cipher
