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In electrical engineering, you may here the term slack bus, swing bus or reference bus. A slack bus is the bus in where the power flow software accumulates the delta between generation and load in the case. this allows for a balanced system and thus a solved power flow analysis. The slack bus is also called the swing bus. In addition, the power flow analysis requires you to know (or assume) the magnitude and phase angle at a specific bus, the angle reference bus. Usually, the swing bus and angle reference bus are in the same location. So, the terms "swing bus" and "reference bus" are often used interchangeably to mean both the swing bus and the angle reference bus. -- This answer assumes that the a Taylor Series is used to create a linear set of equations to solve the power flow. Search Wikipedia for Newton-Raphson method for more information.

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