Multiprogramming - variable partitions
However, complete wastage is still not reduced
is it possible to do multiprogramming with only one partition
It supports multiprogramming since multiple processes can be stored inside the main memory.
in the fixed partition the partition is once allocated is fixed. in fixed partition more memory wastage because of internal & external fragmentation.... in variable partition when a process comes then according to need of process the size of memory is allocated to the process
The first attempt to allow for multiprogramming used fixed partitions (also called static partitions) within the main memory-one partition for each job. Because the size of each partition was designated when the system was powered on, each partition could only be reconfigured when the computer system was shut down, reconfigured, and restarted. Thus, once the system was in operation the partition sizes remained static.
multiprogramming
THE multiprogramming system was created in 1968.
The first attempt to allow for multiprogramming used fixed partitions (also called static partitions) within the main memory-one partition for each job. Because the size of each partition was designated when the system was powered on, each partition could only be reconfigured when the computer system was shut down, reconfigured, and restarted. Thus, once the system was in operation the partition sizes remained static.
timesharing is logical extention of multiprogramming.
Multiprogramming increases CPU utilization by organizing jobs so that the CPU always has a job to execute.
The principal disadvantge of too much multiprogramming is the overhead of excesssive context-switching. If the context-switch rate is too high, the overhead can actually overwhelm the benefit of multiprogramming.
Multiprogramming with fixed partitionsConsider the warehouse example again, multiple jobs of different types (perhaps size) entering storage in different partitionsSeveral users simultaneously compete for system resourcesswitch between I/O jobs and calculation jobs for instanceTo take advantage of this sharing of CPU, important for many jobs to be present in main memoryAllowing Relocation and Transfers between partitionsProtection implemented by the use of several boundary registers : low and high boundary registers, or base register with lengthFragmentation occurs if user programs cannot completely fill a partition - wasteful.
Where it has to do with symmetrical shapes and there equations.