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LANs are segmented for the following reasons:

  1. Keeps traffic isolated on certain segments - that way a busy LAN segment cannot overload the entire LAN.
  2. Security - some packets are contained in the LAN segment and the rest of the network does not see the packet at all
  3. Legacy protocols - some older protocols may be in use in a certain part of the network but there is no reason for the entire network to see the packets they cannot understand
  4. Better troubleshooting - it is easier to identify where the problem is if the network is segmented
  5. Allows for better scalability if you need to add clients to a part of the network
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15y ago

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