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The main advantages of ZigBee are:

  • Power saving, as a result of the short working period, low power consumption of communication, and standby mode
  • Reliability: Collision avoidance is adopted, with a special time slot allocated for those communications that need fixed bandwidth so that competition and conflict are avoided when transmitting data. The MAC layer adopts completely confirmed data transmission, that is, every data packet sent must wait for the confirmation from the receiver
  • Low cost of the modules, and the ZigBee protocol is patent fee free
  • Short time delay, typically 30 ms for device searching, 15 ms for standby to activation, and 15 ms for channel access of active devices
  • Large network capacity: One ZigBee network contains one master device and maximum 254 slave devices. There can be as many as 100 ZigBee networks within one area
  • Safety: ZigBee provides a data integrity check and authentication function. AES-128 is adopted and at the same time each application can flexibly determine its safety property.

The main disadvantages of ZigBee include short range, low complexity, and low data speed. Due to their high cost, GSM and GPRS are normally used in concentrators to transmit data to the main station, or in high end multi-function meters. ZigBee is used mainly in the concentrators, data collectors, repeaters, and meters installed in the urban distribution AMR systems and prepayment systems. Because of the good real time capability of RF, meters are often equipped with a remote control function.

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