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What are the functional requirements for a DCMP protocol implementation in case of peer-to-peer networks?
-Broadcast-based Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks, including flat (e.g., Gnutella) and two-layer super-peer implementations (e.g., Kazaa), are extremely popular nowadays due to theirsimplicity, ease of deployment and versatility. The unstructurednetwork topology, however, contains many cyclic paths whichintroduce numerous duplicate messages in the system. Whilesuch messages can be identiï¬ed and ignored, they still consume alarge proportion of the bandwidth and other resources, causingbottlenecks in the entire network.In this paper we describe DCMP, a dynamic, fully decentralized protocol which reduces signiï¬cantly the duplicate messagesby eliminating unnecessary cycles. As queries are transmittedthrough the peers, DCMP identiï¬es the problematic paths andattempts to break the cycles, while maintaining the connectivityof the network. In order to preserve the fault resilience andload balancing properties of unstructured P2P systems, DCMPavoids creating a hierarchical organization. Instead, it appliescycle elimination symmetrically around some powerful peersto keep the average path length small. The overall structureis constructed fast with very low overhead. With the information collected during this process, distributed maintenanceis performed efï¬ciently even if peers quit the system withoutnotiï¬cation. The experimental results from our simulator andthe prototype implementation on PlanetLab, conï¬rm that DCMPimproves signiï¬cantly the scalability of unstructured P2P systemswithout sacriï¬cing their desirable properties. Moreover, due to itssimplicity, DCMP can be easily implemented in various existingP2P systems and is orthogonal to the search algorithms.
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