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The number of bits used to represent a memory address determines the number of different addresses that can be formed. If the number of bits is N, then 2N addresses can be formed.

  • If N is 16, as it is in the 8085, then 216 = 65,536.
  • If N is 20, as it is in the 8086/8088, then 220 = 1,048,576.
  • If N is 24, as it is in the IBM 360/44, then 224 = 16,777,216.
  • If N is 32, as it is in most 32 bit modern processors, then 232 = 4,294,967,296.
  • If N is 64, as it is in most 64 bit modern processors, then 264 = 18,446,744,073,709,551,616.

Note that the amount of addressable memory is not the same as the amount of physical memory. As addressability goes up, often physical memory does not match it, which means that effective addressability is limited.

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