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A cluster is a group of computers (typically servers) that function as a cohesive unit. They are typically connected via LANs. You would want to cluster servers for example so that if one fails the others immediately pick up the slack.

There are three types of clusters.

1. Failover Clusters (aka High Availability) operate by having redundant nodes, which are then used to provide service when system components fail. The most common size for an HA cluster is two nodes, which is the minimum requirement to provide redundancy. HA cluster implementations attempt to use redundancy of cluster components to eliminate single points of failure. With a HA Cluster such as this you could have 99.999% uptime.

2. Load-balancing clusters are when multiple computers are linked together to share computational workload or function as a single virtual computer.

3. Compute clusters simply do what is referred to as supercomputing often needed for simulations.

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