Supernova
Supernova
Supernova
When a very heavy main sequence star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it undergoes rapid contraction under gravity, leading to a supernova explosion. This explosion produces a neutron star or, if the remaining mass is sufficient, a black hole. During this process, immense energy is released, and heavy elements are synthesized, enriching the surrounding space.
When a very heavy main sequence star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it undergoes rapid contraction due to gravitational forces overpowering the internal pressure. This collapse can lead to the formation of a neutron star or, if the mass is sufficient, a black hole. The process often culminates in a supernova explosion, during which the outer layers are expelled, releasing enormous amounts of energy and heavy elements into space.
Skeletal or voluntary muscle is capable of rapid contraction and is responsible for skeletal movement.
Sumation of contraction
To accomplish a strong contraction that is stimulated at a rapid rate, the muscle fibers need sufficient ATP for energy production, calcium ions for muscle contraction, and acetylcholine for nerve stimulation. Additionally, a well-coordinated activation of motor units is necessary to achieve a strong and rapid contraction.
The sound produced due to the rapid expansion and contraction of heated air is called a "thermal expansion wave" or a "heat-induced acoustic wave." When air is rapidly heated, it expands quickly, creating a pressure wave that propagates as sound. This phenomenon is commonly observed in various natural and man-made processes, such as thunder during a lightning strike or the popping sound of a heated metal object being cooled rapidly.
The correct phase order of the stretch-shortening cycle is eccentric contraction, amortization phase, and concentric contraction. This sequence allows for energy storage during the eccentric phase, a brief pause to transition from lengthening to shortening, and then rapid muscle shortening in the concentric phase for powerful movement.
Hyperreflexia (severe rapid tonic contraction of body).
Making heat, or thermogenesis, is actually a side effect of cellular metabolism. As energy is produced, heat is released as a byproduct of the chemical reactions of energy production. Heat can also be produced on a larger scale by shivering (or rapid contraction and relaxation) of the muscles.
Thunder is typically low pitch because it is produced by the rapid expansion and contraction of air caused by lightning, which creates low-frequency sound waves that we hear as rumbling noise.