Relief in sculpture refers to a technique where the figures are carved out from a flat background, creating a three-dimensional effect while remaining attached to the surface. It can be categorized into high relief, where figures project significantly from the background, and low relief (or bas-relief), where the projection is minimal. Free-standing sculpture, on the other hand, is fully three-dimensional and can be viewed from all angles, designed to be independent of a background or wall. Both forms are integral to the art of sculpture, offering different visual experiences.
Relief
The term for carved works of sculpture is "relief sculpture" when the figures are raised from a flat background, or simply "sculpture" when referring to three-dimensional carved works in various forms. Carvings can be made from materials like stone, wood, or ivory, and they can be full-round (freestanding) or in relief.
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The three main types of sculpture are relief sculpture (where figures or designs are attached to a background), freestanding sculpture (fully three-dimensional and meant to be seen from all sides), and kinetic sculpture (sculptures that incorporate movement).
sculpture in the round
Sculpture is 3-dimensional.
It was the first freestanding nude male since antiquity.
Low relief sculpture is a technique in which the subject of the sculpture is just barely more prominent than the background. High relief sculpture is a technique in which the subject of the sculpture is very raised and extremely prominent against the background.
It is a statue.
Relief sculpture
A sculpture should be free standing. If it is not, it may be a relief: relief: sculpture consisting of shapes carved on a surface so as to stand out from the surrounding background
You did not state what the sculpture was made from. This would determine how you clean it.