C:\windows
84
admin$
System32 under C://Windows/System32
C:\windows\winn.sif
By default the paging file 1.5 times the size of the RAM installed
Press WinKey+R then type %systemroot% to find out! It will likely be C:\Windows\ but if you're using multiple versions of Windows on the same computer, the others could be on different drive letters e.g. N:\Windows\
C:\Program Files (x86)\ is the default folder for 32-bit applications on 64-bit Windows.
Data files for what? The system? Undoubtedly that'd be the system32 folder, but your best bet, look in the C:\WINDOWS\ folder for all of them.
Local
Yes, you can get it, but it's not installed by default. You can get it from Microsoft, Inc.
Users folder
No. Certain files are hidden by default. You can reveal them by opening any folder, clicking on tools, folder options. View Options, view hidden files and folders.