3) The telephone is ubiquitous. However, the reality is that 80% of the world's populations have limited access to one. To make a telephone call, one simply picks up the handset, enters a number, and waits for the system to perform its magic. The office acknowledges the request for service by sending dial tone. The telephone line goes to a terminal block in a service area interface. These are often located on a pole or small enclosure on the street. The service area interface bundles the subscriber drop cables into a single larger cable. These are in turn gathered together to form larger feeder cables. The entire wiring system somewhat resembles a huge tree. Cables coming out of a central office may have hundreds or even thousands of pairs bundled together however by the time the cable gets to the end user, it is generally down to about 50 pairs. An individual subscriber consists of many cable sections spliced together. Bellcore claims that the average U.S. subscriber line has twenty-two splices. Lifting the handset from its cradle releases a hook switch and causes a dc current to flow (20 - 120 ma). To the average person, the telephone system is simply a 'black box'. Relatively few people need to know how the PSTN works. The main consideration is that it works, and is relatively inexpensive.
If you mean networks then that is the communication of computer to computer such as sharing files
VoIP works on telephone or cellphone connected to the internet and computer. It uses internet networks and not telephone networks.
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Networks were developed as a communication method between computers at remote sites
internet is a collection of inter-related computers,where as computer networks is a collection of automated(independent) computers.
Rob Flickenger has written: 'WIRELESS' 'Wireless' 'Building wireless community networks' -- subject(s): Local area networks (Computer networks), Metropolitan area networks (Computer networks), Standards, Wireless communication systems
Computer networks are useful for a variety of reasons. They are useful for file sharing, printer sharing, remote access, communication sharing, and organization.
Communication protocols.
who made the internet? The Internet is made up of thousands of computer networks that are connected (networked) to each other. These connected computer networks are using the communication method called TCP/IP. The internet is a collection of computers or networks world-wide. These computers or networks are linked all over the universe using telephone lines, microwave and satellite.The Internet is not controlled by any organisation.However there are various organisations whose major functions include making suggestions abd giving information. The Internet is basically kept under control by self policing, good manners and esteem for others.
Juan R. Pimentel has written: 'Communication networks for manufacturing' -- subject(s): Computer integrated manufacturing systems, Local area networks (Computer networks), Manufacturing Automation Protocol
Zhu Han has written: 'Game theory in wireless and communication networks' -- subject(s): Wireless communication systems, Computer networks, Mobile communication systems, Game theory, Telecommunication systems
VoIP/ Voice-over-internet protocol