The usual difficulty that people report concerning UNIX is the use of the command line. The command line has a lot of power and the commands may seem somewhat arcane at times. Like anything else, you have to study what the commands do and how to use them to harness the power of UNIX, but once you do that it isn't that difficult to use.
You can debug C programs using gdb on Unix.
Yes, quite a bit of companies and users use unix.
Unix files do not rely on extensions, therefore there is no command to find them.
using touch command of UNIX. syntax touch <filename> will create dummy regular file.
Unix files can be easily transferred to windows via a network connection either by using FTP or by using Samba. Samba allows a Unix file system to be mounted/shared on a Windows system to look like a windows directory.
Use the 'uname -a' command. It reports on the Unix system, version, machine name, amongst other things.
Unix web hosting is very reasonably priced and offers tons of other features. Unix can also offer you a domain name and help with setting everything up.
If both Windows and Unix are using TCP/IP as their primary NOS there isn't much difference to speak of.
None of the above.
There isn't a generic Unix command to connect to a database. The actual commands are based on the database package you are using, such as Oracle, SyBase, etc. They each have their own commands for gaining access to the database.
pipes - nammed and unnammed
Unix was developed primarily using the C language; there may be a small amount of assembler/machine code used in the boot process as well.