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Its regarding disk scheduling in any OS..

When a process wants to do disk I/O, it makes a call to the operating system. Since the operation may take some time, the process is put into a blocked state, and the I/O request is sent to a part of the OS called a device driver. If the disk is idle, the operation can be started right away, but if the disk is busy servicing another request, it must be added to a queue of requests and wait its turn. Thus the total delay seen by the process has several components:

  • The overhead of getting into and out of the OS, and the time the OS spends fiddling with queues, etc.
  • The queuing time spent waiting for the disk to become available.
  • The latency spent waiting for the disk to get the right track and sector.
  • The transfer time spent actually reading or writing the data.
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