High-volatile coal, in contrast, usually produces anywhere from 18 to 29 million BTUs per ton.
Low- and medium-volatility grade bituminous coal typically generates between 26 and 30 million BTUs per ton.
Answer 1Low-volatile bituminous is having highest heating capacity (33412 KJ/Kg). Answer 2Anthracite. Answer 3The anthracite coal heat capacity is 29000 KJ/Kg that is less than Low-volatile bituminous. See link below.
Volatile substances in coal tend to increase the calorific value as they can release more energy during combustion. On the other hand, high moisture content in coal reduces the calorific value by absorbing some of the heat energy during combustion to evaporate the water. Overall, the presence of volatile substances can have a greater impact on the calorific value compared to water content.
R. M Felder has written: 'Analysis of volatile products from the slow pyrolysis of coal' -- subject(s): Coal, Testing, Pyrolysis
To calculate the fixed carbon, the moisture, ash and volatile matter contents (express the weights in percent) are added together and this sum is subtracted from 100 percent. Fixed Carbon = 100% - % (moisture) -% (ash) - % (volatile matter)
fixed carbon is carbon content of the coal/biomass which is not easily decomposed or combusted at lower temperatures(>200 c), and total carbon content of coal/biomass is volatile carbon present in form of other hydrocarbons forms like volatile organic compounds, etc.. which easily combusted at little higher temperatures (>50 c)
The last stage of coal development is the anthracite stage. Anthracite is the highest rank of coal and is known for its high carbon content and low volatile matter content, making it a high-quality and efficient type of coal for energy production.
To convert proximate analysis of coal to ultimate analysis, use the Dulong formula as follows: Carbon = 0.75*(fixed carbon + [volatile matter/100]); Hydrogen = 0.06volatile matter; Oxygen = [moisture/100] + 0.3sulfur - carbon - hydrogen; Nitrogen = volatile matter/100 * 0.01. This formula estimates the ultimate analysis (C, H, O, N) from the proximate analysis (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash).
Bituminous coal is a type of coal that is often referred to as soft coal, containing a high amount of carbon and volatile matter. It is widely used for electricity generation and in the production of steel due to its high heat output and relatively low sulfur content.
Carbonization of coal is a process where coal is heated in the absence of air to drive off volatile compounds, leaving behind a residue of carbon. This process results in the formation of coke, a high-carbon and low-impurity fuel used in industrial processes like steelmaking.
FC in coal stands for Fixed Carbon, which refers to the solid combustible residue left after volatile matter and moisture have been driven off during coal combustion. Fixed Carbon content in coal indicates its carbon content and energy value.