arms executes aiimost all instruction in one cycle controller take more than one cycle in almost all instruction arm is risc based architecture con. is cics based architecture but having less no of instruction as compare to arm arm is based on load store architecturen i.e. data processing instruction can not access memory directly data has been store in reg controll access memory directly arm have conditional data processing
Flynn's taxonomy is used to categorize computer architectures. Considers the number of processors and the number of data paths incorporated into an architecture. The fours combinations of processors and data path are: SISD( Single instruction, single data stream) MISD( Multiple instructions, single data stream) SIMD (Single instructions, multiple data streams) MIMD( Multiple instructions, multiple data streams)
All the programming instructions whcih are basically in the assembly code has the corresponding hexadecimal code.the microprocessor understand or interprets what this code is and based on that it performs operation for eg HLT which had hexcode 76 the microprocessor understands76 as tha halt instruction and based on that it halts or terminates the program Anand bhat(mca@kiit-870024)
A microprocessor know whether the next byte is an instruction or data because the microprocessor knows for what it is looking. The bus, on the other hand, for an 8085 based system, knows an opcode from data by looking at S0 and S1 when IO/M- is low. If both are high, it is an opcode, otherwise it is data.
First of all as we know the CPU comprises of The Registers,The ALU Unit and the Control Unit.Processing of the data is done in CPU Registers (an area or a memory where processing takes place). M.J.Flynn suggested these architectures for enhancing the computational speed of the computer: 1. Single Instruction Single Data (SISD): Single instruction is performed on a single set of data in a sequential form.Most of our computers today are based on this architecture.Von Neumann fits into this category.Data is executed in a sequential fashion (one by one). 2. Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD): Single Instruction is performed on multiple data.A good example is the 'For' loop statement.Over here instruction is the same but the data stream is different. 3. Multiple Instruction Single Data (MISD): Over here N no. of processors are working on different set of instruction on the same set of data.There is no commercial computer of this kind also these are used in Space Shuttle controlling computer (all the buttons you must have noticed in the control center). 4. Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD): Over here there is an interaction of N no. of processors on a same data stream shared by all processors.Now over here if you have noticed a lot of computers connected to each other and when they perform a task on the same data (data is then shared).If the processing is high it is called Tightly Coupled and Loosely Coupled vice-versa.Most Multiprocessor fit into this category.
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actually register holds the data..there are 6 register which are temporary registers..program counter holds the address of next instruction to be fetched..instruction register holds the currently executed data...
The Functions of the instruction set is to instruct All CPU's with a set of instructions: Tells the CPU where to find data When to read the data What to do with the data. Hope that helps Don
a program is called a program. a set of instructions is called a manual.
The instruction cycle is the basic operation cycle in a computer. This is what will take in data, process it and execute as required.
Push instruction pushes two byte of data on the top of the stack.
"SIMD, which stands for 'single instruction, multiple data,' is a process that allows the CPU to receive a single instruction and then execute it on multiple pieces of data rather than receiving the same instruction each time each piece of data is received."(Pg. 434, A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC)