a. All switch and bridge ports are in the forwarding state. b. All lkswitch and bridge ports are in the stand by state. c. All switch and bridge parts are assigned as either root or designed. d. All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state. e. All switch and bridge are either blocking or looping.
forwarding packets to the port that is connected to the destination node
forwarding packets to the port that is connected to the destination node
: Blocking can occur when two switch inputs attempt to access the same intermediate switch channel.
Cef (cisco express forwarding)
Cisco Express Forwarding accelerates forwarding of packets on a Cisco Layer 3 switch by associating a MAC address with a next hop address in the FIB.
STP
destination mac address
In store-and-forward switching, the switch receives an entire data frame before forwarding it to the next hop in the network. This allows the switch to perform error checking on the entire frame before forwarding it, ensuring data integrity. The switch stores the frame temporarily in its memory, checks for errors, and then forwards it based on its destination address.
The switch stores the first 64 bytes of the frame before forwarding.
Layer 2.
designated and root