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When connectionless protocols are implemented at the lower layers of the OSI model what are usually used to acknowledge the data receipt and request the retransmission of missing data?
upper-layer connection-oriented protocols
What layer of the OSI model is most significant?
The OSI model represents a simple framework for discussing network protocols and therefor has no most significant portion. Lower level protocols like TCP/IP span several layers while Frame Relay and MPLS fit neatly in to a single layer. Higher level protocols like DNS and DHCP can be transport independent and don't necessarily require any of the lower layers to function.
Are older fossils found in higher layers of earth or lower layers?
lower0000
What is it called when lower layers are pressed together by upper layers on a rock?
Compaction.
What are the OSI layers of IRC?
The Internet Relay Chat (IRC) protocol primarily operates at the Application Layer of the OSI model, which is Layer 7. It utilizes transport protocols, typically TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) from Layer 4, to facilitate reliable communication between clients and servers. While IRC itself does not directly interact with lower layers, it relies on the underlying layers for data transmission and network functionality.
What does the term network-aware application mean and List a few examples?
Some end user applications are "Network Aware" , meaning they implement the application layer protocols and are able to communicate directly with the lower layers of the protocol stack. Email clients and web browsers are examples of these applications.
What does the term network aware application mean and List a few examples?
Some end user applications are "Network Aware" , meaning they implement the application layer protocols and are able to communicate directly with the lower layers of the protocol stack. email clients and Web Browsers are examples of these applications.
Pressure from water and top layers over thousands of years causes lower layers to stick together and form what?
The Answer Is Compaction.(:
Why ozone occurs in upper layers and oxygen in lower layers ozone has more density than oxygen but exists in upper layers?
Ozone occurs in upper layers. It finds suitable conditions to sustain there.
Why is it that the lower an object is in the ground the older it is?
As sedimentary layers form over time, the lower layers end up being older than the layers deposited on top, due to the principle of superposition. This concept helps geologists determine the relative ages of different geological features based on their positions within the rock layers.
What is the permanently frozen lower layers of soil in the Arctic region?
permafrost
How many layers are in the coral reef?
it has 3 layers the somet (the upper layer) the photic(the middle layer)and the twlight(the lower layer)
