an upper-layer, connection-oriented protocol or service
upper-layer connection-oriented protocols
The OSI model represents a simple framework for discussing network protocols and therefor has no most significant portion. Lower level protocols like TCP/IP span several layers while Frame Relay and MPLS fit neatly in to a single layer. Higher level protocols like DNS and DHCP can be transport independent and don't necessarily require any of the lower layers to function.
lower0000
Compaction.
Some end user applications are "Network Aware" , meaning they implement the application layer protocols and are able to communicate directly with the lower layers of the protocol stack. Email clients and web browsers are examples of these applications.
Some end user applications are "Network Aware" , meaning they implement the application layer protocols and are able to communicate directly with the lower layers of the protocol stack. email clients and Web Browsers are examples of these applications.
The Answer Is Compaction.(:
Ozone occurs in upper layers. It finds suitable conditions to sustain there.
The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
As sedimentary layers form over time, the lower layers end up being older than the layers deposited on top, due to the principle of superposition. This concept helps geologists determine the relative ages of different geological features based on their positions within the rock layers.
permafrost
it has 3 layers the somet (the upper layer) the photic(the middle layer)and the twlight(the lower layer)