traceroute is usually used for this purpose.
The Ping command is used to check the connectivity between two devices by sending ICMP echo requests and measuring the response time, helping to determine if a host is reachable. In contrast, the Traceroute command traces the path that data takes from the source to the destination, displaying all the intermediate hops along the route. While Ping only checks for availability and round-trip time, Traceroute provides detailed information about the network path, making it useful for diagnosing routing issues.
bobo The packet is sent to discover neighbors within the EIGRP network. The packet is sent to search for network devices within an EIGRP network. The packet is used to propagate routing information within the EIGRP network. The packet is used to send an unreachable reply to another router within the EIGRP network.
The Internet is packet switched, meaning each individual packet is routed from the source to the destination separately, and possibly through different paths. An example of a circuit-switched network would be the telephone network, where a connection from one end to the other is created and maintained until the call is disconnected.
tracert (traceroute on unix-like systems) will do this. use the command tracert /? for more information on options for this command, such as the maximum number of "hops".
broadcast the packet through all interfaces except the one on which it was received
End-to-end delay is the time it takes a packet to travel across the network from source to destination. Delay jitter is the fluctuation of end-to-end delay from packet to the next packet.
PSTN stands for Public switched telephone network PSDN stands for Public switched Data network / Packet Switched Data Network. The basic difference between two is the switching technique used. PSTN uses Circuit Switching and PSDN uses Packet Switching
its general
An IP packet is a network data packet using Internet Protocol (IP) format.
A network hub absconds with any stateful packet inspection (SPI), so it won't act as a firewall.
A packet.A packet.A packet.A packet.
It reassembles the frame with different MAC addresses than the original frame.