Processing speed is far more important than cache size. Cache is a small amount of memory located in, or around the processor that is used to store small amounts of information that the processor can refer to as a quick reference. There are millions of bits flowing through cache memory every time the processor works. Any more, there is a standard amount of cache memory that is in every processor. Speed is a totally different thing and almost has nothing to do with cache size. Speed is definitely more important.
Increasing the clock-speed of a processor increases its performance. There is so much more that goes into the overall performance of a processor (cache speed, cache size, hit / miss frequency on L1 and L2 cache, cycle recovery time on the cache, architecture, core efficiency, pipeline length, and northbridge frequency just to name a few) However, simply increasing a processor's clock speed WILL improve its performance, to an extent. Fast clock speeds send more calculations through the processor cores more frequently, thus leading to your increased performance. If it is pushed too high, a processor begins to see diminishing returns as more cache misses, overheating, and voltage inefficiency start setting in. Always consider properly researching this matter before considering raising the clock speed of your processor.
A cache is a temporary holding place for information. In the case of a processor, the cache is important because the processor is frequently the fastest component in your computer, and so it can use this space to store information while waiting for the rest of your computer to access it. While this information is waiting the processor is then free to work on other things, thus the cache speeds up your overall processing speed. In terms of how much is good, the answer is basically the more the better! Today there isn't just one CPU cache but several, and it ramps up in size; the bigger the final size (L3, currently) the better.
Ram is way slower since its located off the CPU unlike cache, which is on the CPU or very close to it. More Cache=faster processor core.
The GHz is the clock frequency. It is important for processor speed but the number of kernels is even more important as each kernel can do processing independently from the others.
cache memory
It minimizes the miss match between the main memory and the processor Actually, there is one reason for a cache to exist: speed. A cache exists to speed up the time that the processor takes to obtain a bit of data. Typically, main memory is many times slower than the processor - in modern computers, it can be 1000 times slower. So, caches are made up of memory more expensive and faster than main memory, to store parts of main memory in, in the hopes that the data the processor wants will be available in the cache.
Processor cache is intermediate memory between the processor itself and main memory (RAM). Because processors can read data so much faster than main memory, the speed of a processor would essentially be limited to the speed of RAM if we couldn't find a way to increase the efficiency of accessing data in main memory. Caches, which have a much lower access time than RAM, help to mitigate this problem. Caches work on the principle of spacial locality. That is to say, they use the idea that if you access a location in main memory, then it is highly likely that the next memory location you want to access is very close to where you are. When you access main memory, the cache will actually pull in a "chunk" of data (often called a "cache line") in the hope that the next time you try to access data it will already be in the cache. Typically there are two levels of cache (though with the increasing popularity of multi-core processors, three levels of cache are becoming more and more necessary). The first level of cache (L1 cache) is what is directly accessed by the processor and is therefore the fastest (and most expensive) cache. L1 cache is usually split into two parts: data cache and instruction cache. The instruction cache holds the instructions of running programs that the processor needs to execute. The data cache holds the data being used by current instructions. The second level of cache (L2 cache) is where the L1 cache pulls in information from. L2 cache is slower than L1 cache, but is more affordable and can be much larger than L1. With the exception of L3 caches mentioned above, this is the cache which pulls information in from main memory.
Level 2 (L2) cache is built onto the processor. On Older slot-mounted processors, L2 cache was external to the processor die, and ran at slower speeds than the processor. on socketed processors, L2 cache is built onto the processor. If the processor does not find the desired memory locations in L1 cache, it checks L2 cache next. However Processors with larger L2 caches perform most tasks much more quickly than processors that have smaller L2 caches for two reasons. Cache memory is faster than main memory and the processor checks cache memory for needed information before checking main memory.
Level 2 (L2) cache is built onto the processor. On Older slot-mounted processors, L2 cache was external to the processor die, and ran at slower speeds than the processor. on socketed processors, L2 cache is built onto the processor. If the processor does not find the desired memory locations in L1 cache, it checks L2 cache next. However Processors with larger L2 caches perform most tasks much more quickly than processors that have smaller L2 caches for two reasons. Cache memory is faster than main memory and the processor checks cache memory for needed information before checking main memory.
Level 2 (L2) cache is built onto the processor. On Older slot-mounted processors, L2 cache was external to the processor die, and ran at slower speeds than the processor. on socketed processors, L2 cache is built onto the processor. If the processor does not find the desired memory locations in L1 cache, it checks L2 cache next. However Processors with larger L2 caches perform most tasks much more quickly than processors that have smaller L2 caches for two reasons. Cache memory is faster than main memory and the processor checks cache memory for needed information before checking main memory.
Clock Speed Edit: Not really. Clock speed alone has a very small effect on the processing power of a CPU. Allow me, as pasted from another similar answer: Most basic? Clock speed along with operations per clock cycle. This measures how frequently the processor processes data and how much it can process each frequency "tick" Clock speed's nice, but more operations per cycle is far more important. Cache hit rate, pipeline length, cache miss recovery cycle time, integer unit efficiency, MMX processing power, FSB speed, thermal efficiency, etc can all change how powerful and fast a processor is. Cache hit / miss rate and recovery time have just as substantial effect on processing power as the clock speed does.
The Intel Pentium DualCore 1.43Ghz is the Merom T2310 with 533fsb, 1MB L2 Cache, 65nm, and the unnamed 2.5Ghz could only be the Intel Core2Duo Penryn T9300 with 800fsb, 6MB L2 Cache, 45nm. The Penryn is newer, faster and more efficient.