172.16.1.0 24
126
In a class A network, the first 8 bits specify the network, the remaining 24 bits specify the host.
190.254.1.29
Subnetting divides a larger network into smaller, manageable sub-networks by borrowing bits from the host portion of an IP address to create additional network addresses. From a binary perspective, this involves manipulating the bits of the IP address to define the subnet mask, which specifies how many bits are used for the network versus the host. This process enhances routing efficiency, limits broadcast traffic, and allows for better utilization of IP addresses within a given network. Ultimately, subnetting helps in organizing and securing network architecture.
As we are using a class B network for the Subnetting and we have to make a total of at least 130 subnetworks...so, class B default subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 or 16 bits for networkingand we have to make 130 sunets. so it will come under the block size of 256 or we need 8 bits more to make 130 subnets.so our answer is 16+8=24ie, we will use subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 for this class B address.
one number of host bits must be left when you doing subnetting.
12
Same as subnetting any other class, or a classless network. From the bits originally reserved for the host (16 bits, in the case of a class B address), you "borrow" some bits, that is, you use them to specify the subnet. The remaining bits specify an individual host within a subnet.
In IPv4, there are a total of 32 bits in an IP address. The number of network and host bits varies depending on the subnet mask used. Typically, the first part of the bits represents the network portion, while the remaining bits represent the host portion. For example, in a common subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (or /24), there are 24 bits for the network and 8 bits for hosts.
255.255.252.0 22 Network Bits = 2 full octets (255.255) + 6 bits (252)
SUBNET: subnet is a group of networks having same network id. subnet increase the number of hosts with same network address, as result it reduces the wastage of addresses. In subnetting bits of hostId will be captured by networdId. SUPERNET: supernet makes all the hosts with in a range of network address belong to a same group. This reduces the entries in the network address table. Supernetting combines the octets of the address.
From the 16 bits reserved for the host, you "lend" 3 bits for the subnet. That gives you the possibility of dividing into eight subnets. The remaining 13 bits indicate the host in each subnet. - To see the complete steps in more detail, do some Internet searching on subnetting.