Though this question is pretty ambiguous, you probably mean NBMA networks (Non-Broadcast Multiple Access).
Packets are sent to the destination address by network devices such as routers and switches. When a device wants to communicate over a network, it encapsulates data into packets and includes the destination address in the packet header. Routers use routing tables to determine the best path for the packets, forwarding them through various network segments until they reach their intended destination.
transiver
It means ensuring that each segment which the source sends arrives at the destination.
router
Hub
Because it sends the data to the particular address
The node sends out an ARP request with the destination IP address.
The switch learns the MAC address of the device connected to a port during port initialization. It will then send data out the port based upon the destination MAC address as specified the the packet header.
sends data in clear text.need to configure destination device to support telnet connection.
Perhaps you mean a router?
To measure network delay in Windows, you can use the ping command. This command sends ICMP Echo Request packets to a specified IP address or hostname and reports the time it takes for the packets to travel to the destination and back. For example, typing ping google.com in the Command Prompt will display the round-trip time, helping you assess network latency.
When a user sends an HTTP request to a web server on a remote network, the information needed to perform the action is added to the address field of a frame to indicate the destination during encapsulation.