Though this question is pretty ambiguous, you probably mean NBMA networks (Non-Broadcast Multiple Access).
transiver
It means ensuring that each segment which the source sends arrives at the destination.
router
Hub
Because it sends the data to the particular address
The node sends out an ARP request with the destination IP address.
sends data in clear text.need to configure destination device to support telnet connection.
The switch learns the MAC address of the device connected to a port during port initialization. It will then send data out the port based upon the destination MAC address as specified the the packet header.
Perhaps you mean a router?
When a user sends an HTTP request to a web server on a remote network, the information needed to perform the action is added to the address field of a frame to indicate the destination during encapsulation.
a passive hub does not regenerate the signal received only let it pass
When a host on network A sends a message to a host on network B, the router looks at the destination IP address in the packet’s header to determine where to forward the message. This IP address is used to identify the specific network and host within that network. The router uses its routing table to decide the best path for the packet based on this destination IP address. The MAC address is not used for routing between different networks, as it only applies to the local network segment.