Parallel sends and receives data simultaneously via multiple side by side routes while serial must wait for an opening. Imagine parallel is a four lane highway and serial is a single lane bridge flowing in two directions.
No. If they were, we wouldn't have replaced them. USB and FireWire are over 3000 times faster with the latest revisions.
eSATA is faster than FireWire and firewire is faster than USB.
2 ports USB charger (1A). I was surprised at how much faster it recharged my phone than using my laptop port.
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More than likely, eSATA 600 should be faster than USB 3.0. While USB 3.0 is faster than USB 2.0, the fastest SATA should be faster than the fastest USB.
There is no minimum or required number for USB ports on a laptop. Depending on the age and design of the laptop, it could be anywhere from zero to ten. I have seen only 2 USB ports on older laptops, most of the new ones atleast have 4 USB ports. Netbooks(10" & 11") have not more than 2 USB ports. If in anycase you need more USB ports, you could buy an USB hub for as less as 10$, which will add 4 more ports to your laptop.
RS-232 serial ports are far slower than USB ports. With very few exceptions, devices that use USB ports would be impractical to use on a serial port.
If it's USB 2.0 it is likely the faster one. You could also guess and check but most manuals for either your motherboard or case will tell you what each of the USB ports are capable of.
It is also knows as Firewire but it's not very common on a PC. It's not part of of the default plugs found at the back of a PC, though you can add a card with Firewire ports on it. In general though, USB is by far more common. In terms of performance, Firewire is faster than USB and USB2 ports, but slower than USB3 ports. Almost all PC peripherals use USB connections.
As far as I know routers equipped with USB ports support usb printers and storage devices other than that was not reported.
These interface products turn regular USB ports into ports for serial products that can be connected to other serial components for communication uses.