First of all, Unix (and even Linux) is NOT virus free. Although rare, there are viruses for such systems.
One of the primary reasons that Unix / Linux do not get as many viruses is that the ability of different users is limited. Non-technical users will be restricted in their ability to install, run, or modify software. More experienced users will usually be given more privileges. Without inexperienced users installing software at a whim, over 90 % of the threat of viruses and malware is removed.
Linux is even further protected against viruses because Linux is by nature a heterogeneous platform. To be effective, the program would have to be capable of affecting multiple versions of the kernel, and use exploits in a variety of programs.
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