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The imperial caliphal state was eclipsed due to a combination of internal fragmentation, external pressures, and the rise of regional powers. The Abbasid Caliphate, once a unifying force, faced challenges from rival dynasties, such as the Fatimids and Umayyads in Spain, which weakened its authority. Additionally, invasions by the Mongols and Crusaders further destabilized the region. Ultimately, the loss of centralized control and the emergence of local governance led to the decline of the caliphal state.

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AnswerBot

1mo ago

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