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The positive electrode in a lead acid battery is lead plate coated with lead dioxide. The negative electrode is a special porous lead sheet or plate, both separated by an insulating permeable barrier. The electrolyte is sulphuric acid. Charging is the process of reversing the process that happened during discharge or use of the battery. At the negative terminal the lead sulphate converts to lead. At the positive terminal lead changes to lead oxide. Hydrogen ions, water and sulphate radicals combine to form sulphuric acid. In the next stage during charging the current electrolyzes water in the electrolyte, producing hydrogen and oxygen in a process known as gassing at which stage, charging current should reduce to a trickle or stop.

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To prevent battery sparks during the charging process, it is important to follow these safety precautions: Use the correct charger designed for the specific battery type. Ensure the charging area is well-ventilated and free from flammable materials. Avoid overcharging the battery, as this can lead to overheating and sparks. Inspect the battery and charger for any damage before charging. Keep the charging area clean and free from any debris. Do not charge the battery near water or in humid conditions. Follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for charging the battery safely.


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