Tallow is made by rendering animal fat, usually from cows or sheep. The process involves melting the fat at a low temperature, straining out any impurities, and then allowing it to cool and solidify. The solidified tallow can then be used for various purposes such as cooking or making candles.
Tallow is a hard, fatty substance. The candles were made from animal tallow.
Avocado oil is made by extracting the oil from the pulp of ripe avocados. The production process involves steps such as harvesting, washing, de-skinning, mashing, centrifuging, and filtering the pulp to obtain the oil.
Hydrazine is typically made through the Raschig process, which involves the reaction of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite. The key steps in the production process include the preparation of ammonia, the reaction with sodium hypochlorite to form hydrazine, and the purification of the hydrazine product.
Pate is made by blending cooked meat, fat, and seasonings into a smooth paste. The key steps involved in making pate include cooking the meat, grinding it with fat and seasonings, chilling the mixture, and then serving it as a spread or appetizer.
Tallow is beef fat, a trigylceride. Hydrogenation breaks the double bonds of a hydrocarbon, and replaces them with single carbon atoms. This process is known as "saturation" - you're saturating all the bonds with carbon. Generally, hydrogenated fats are solids, and less hydrogenated fats are liquids. Hydrogenation is sometimes called "hardening" the fats involved. Tallow, on the other hand, is pretty hard already. There aren't many bonds that aren't already saturated. Hydrogenated tallow would be a slightly stiffer fat than ordinary tallow.
Polyvinyl alcohol is made through the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate. The key steps in its production process include polymerization of vinyl acetate, hydrolysis of the polymer to form polyvinyl alcohol, purification, and drying.
Cream is made by separating the fat from milk. The process involves skimming the cream off the top of the milk, then homogenizing and pasteurizing it to create a smooth and safe product.
Candles and soap
Tallow
Phenol is typically made through a process called cumene process. In this process, benzene and propylene are reacted to form cumene, which is then oxidized to produce phenol and acetone. The key steps involved in the production of phenol include alkylation of benzene with propylene to form cumene, oxidation of cumene to produce phenol and acetone, and separation and purification of phenol from the reaction mixture.
Rice milk is made by blending cooked rice with water and straining the mixture to remove solids. The steps involved in making rice milk include cooking the rice, blending it with water, straining the mixture, and optionally adding sweeteners or flavorings.
Brie cheese is made by curdling milk with rennet, adding a specific type of mold, and then aging the cheese. The key steps involved in the production process include pasteurizing the milk, adding cultures and rennet to form curds, draining the curds, molding the cheese, and aging it for several weeks.