Tapioca is a starchy substance extracted from the cassava root, a tuber native to South America. It is commonly used in various culinary applications, including as a thickening agent, in puddings, and for making tapioca pearls found in bubble tea. Tapioca is gluten-free and can be used as a substitute for wheat flour in some recipes. Its versatility and unique texture make it popular in both sweet and savory dishes.