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A pressure cooker is an enclosed cooking vessel -- with a lid that seals to the pan with a rubber gasket that cooks at a pressure that is higher than the atmospheric pressure. They are usually made of thick wall stainless steel or thick aluminum. The lid contains a small vent-hole that contains a pressure-regulating mechanism. Water in the food being cooked will boil and cause a steam build-up in the vessel which will increase the pressure inside the vessel. The pressure-regulating mechanism on the vent hole will vent some steam out if pressure exceeds certain limit (usually around 15 psi or 15 pounds per square inch) and thus maintain more or less a constant pressure inside the pressure cooker that is higher than atmospheric pressure. Since boiling point goes up with higher pressure (for example, water boils at 100 degrees C at atmospheric pressure but it will boil at a higher temperature inside a pressure cooker since the pressure inside is higher), the temperature inside a pressure cooker can rise more than it would have in an open-enclosure pan. Because of the higher temperature, meat becomes soft easily and food cooks faster causing less loss of nutrients. Pressure cookers often have various safety mechanisms to prevent it from building up excessive pressure and exploding. After cooking is finished, it is important to release the steam slowly first -- because if the lid is opened suddenly, a large amount of steam escaping can cause scalding. Many pressure cookers have special mechanisms for controlled steam release before opening the lid.

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