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The two react because sodium bicarbonate is a base and vinegar is a solution containing an acid.

The bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) "steals" a hydrogen ion (H+) from the acetic acid molecules (CH3CO2H), forming carbonic acid (H2CO3) and sodium acetate (NaCH3CO2).

The carbonic acid is unstable and immediately decomposes into carbon dioxide and water.

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