Schooners
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They were known as Privateers.
The largest sail on a ship is typically the mainsail, particularly on traditional sailing vessels like square-rigged ships. On these ships, the mainsail can be quite extensive, often made up of multiple panels and extending from the mainmast. In modern sailing vessels, the term "largest sail" can also refer to the spinnaker, which is a large, balloon-like sail used for sailing downwind. The specific size can vary significantly depending on the type of vessel and its rigging.
They sailed primarily along the coasts. Their voyages were recorded in the type of document called Periplus.
American and French privateers did not wear uniforms, they wore "civilian" type clothing of that era. Loose fitting pants and shirts.
A privateer. Technically a privateer was not a pirate, as they were still under orders from a specific nation, and could only attack ships which flew a flag for which they had a letter or marque. However, many privateers did eventually turn to piracy.
Previous to the invention of steam power - wind power was the most common energy used to sail a ship. This worked by catching accelerated air within the sails foil and thereby pushing the ship along.
Ships that sail in Antarctic waters are not the high-density cruise ships you see in commercials. They are hull-reinforced ships, usually, decommissioned ice-breaker-type vessels. Their passenger load is significantly less than large commercial cruise ships, generally less than 100 souls.
A triangular sail is commonly referred to as a "lateen sail." This type of sail is characterized by its triangular shape and is typically rigged at an angle to the mast, allowing for improved maneuverability and the ability to sail against the wind. Lateen sails have been historically used in various maritime cultures, particularly in the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean regions.
Of the five ships in Magellans fleet, four were Carracks and one was a Caravel. The carracks were Victoria, San Antonio, Santiago and Concepcion. The flagship Trinidad was a caravel.
A privateer. Technically a privateer was not a pirate, as they were still under orders from a specific nation, and could only attack ships which flew a flag for which they had a letter or marque. However, many privateers did eventually turn to piracy.
Yes, "main-topsail" is considered a common noun. It refers to a specific type of sail used on sailing ships, specifically the sail set above the main sail. Common nouns name general items or concepts rather than specific ones, and "main-topsail" fits this definition as it describes a category of sail rather than a unique entity.