The counter-culture was a social movement including young people who were opposed to values of traditional culture. The participants of this movement were called "hippies" and they felt free about using drugs, creating new trends and music.
the counterculture was rotted in the social and political events of the 1950s
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Countercultures are a kind of subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger society. Examples of this would be the hippies of the 60's, anarchists, the KKK, Neo-Nazi's, most gangs, as well as MLK Jr. and his followers (in their time at least, they would have been grouped as a kind of counterculture, going against the norms of the American society at the time.)
A key characteristic of a counterculture is that they reject many aspects of mainstream society. For example, those involved in the gansta rap counterculture seek to find success through illegal activity rather than through gainful employment.
Besides the war and the draft, the American counterculture or the 1960s condemned racial discrimination and "The Man" (the power of government and those who supported it) and traditional 'uptight' American values. One of the mantras of the 60s counterculture that survives today, and I still live by is, "question everything".
The idea from the 1950s that inspired the counterculture movement of the 1960s was the violation of African-American Civil Rights.
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The most famous group participating in the counterculture was the hippies; however, most of those who were considered to be part of the counterculture were not as radical. They included anyone who opposed the Vietnam War and anyway who opposed the norms and conformity of society (ex: mass media, popular culture). The counterculture is associated with drug use, the sexual revolution and an exploration of the spiritual side of life.