Liverpool in the UK. The people are often called "Scousers". One possible explanation is that they became associated with Lobscouse, a Northern European meat stew that became popular in ports...such as Liverpool.
People moving from the country to the city are often referred to as urban migrants or rural-to-urban migrants.
Calgary is often referred to as "Cowtown." Toronto is often referred to as "Hogtown." Hamilton is often referred to as Tigertown."
Philadelphia.
Constantinople
Philadelphia is the City of Brotherly Love. It's the motto of the city.
The people who lived in Nineveh are often referred to as Assyrians, as Nineveh was a prominent city in the ancient Assyrian empire.
A Mancunian comes from Manchester, England. People from Manchester are often referred to as Mancunians, reflecting the city's cultural heritage and identity.
Paris is often referred to as "la ville des lumières" i.e. the city of lights.
People from certain cities can be referred to as by a demonym, which is a term used to denote the residents or natives of a particular place. For example, people from New York City are often called New Yorkers, and people from Paris are known as Parisians.
Jaipur in India is often referred to as the "Pink City" due to the pink walls and buildings that were painted in honor of the visit of Queen Victoria, as well as its vibrant culture and history. It is not typically referred to as the "Moon City."
It will vary from place to place, but is often referred to as a council.
The poor section of a city is often referred to as a "low-income area" or a "deprived neighborhood."