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Hypothermia refers to the body's inability to maintain internal temperature, which drops to the point where bodily functions can no longer continue normally. It is a dangerous condition that can lead to death. The expression "freezing to death" is not accurate, because death comes well before the body reaches freezing temperatures.

A more accurate term is "dying from exposure" (to low temperatures).

The human body must maintain an inner temperature that will allow the chemical reactions that sustain life to occur. When it drops too low, the body's own temperature regulation system malfunctions, and even if the outside temperature is brought up to normal, the body's systems may not "restart" properly. Treatment includes bringing the victim's temperature up by keeping them warm externally, giving them warm liquids if they are able to take them orally, and getting them to medical care as quickly as possible. Children succumb more quickly than adults, because their small bodies lose heat faster.

Hypothermia can occur at any time when the outside conditions are such that the body's heat is carried away faster than the body can generate it. For example, water carries heat away from the body rapidly, and hypothermia can occur in water as warm as 75 degrees F. if the body is immersed long enough. This is especially true if food is not available.

Deaths from hypothermia often occur in temperatures well above freezing on land, as well, when people are caught away from shelter under conditions where they cannot stay warm -- such as hikers who get wet from a sudden rain in low temperatures (50° F. or less) and are unable to get dry or out of the wind.

It is far easier to avoid hypothermia to begin with, by carefully planning for the possibility of deteriorating conditions in advance, than it is to treat it once it has occurred.

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16y ago

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