First, you have to die. Once you have been dead at least 5 years a cause
for sainthood can be opened. The local bishop or other religious leader
will assign someone to collect all sorts of documents and conduct
interiews about the life of the candidate. Once they have all the
information, the file will be sent to the Sacred Congregation for the
causes of Saints in Rome. They will study the file and, if it seems the
person exhibited some form of heroic virtue, that person will be declared
a Servant of God and an official Cause for Sainthood will be opened.
More investigations and interviews will be conducted and if the person
passes all favorably, they will be named as Venerable.
Next, more investigations and at least one miracle must be confirmed and
verified due to the intercession of the candidate. If all goes well, the
candidate will then be Beatified by the Pope and receive the title of
Blessed. Mother Teresa of Calcutta is at this stage right now.
In the final stage, more investigations and at least one more miracle must
be verified. Once all that has been done, the file is turned over to the
pope who will make the final decision. It will be up to the pope to
declare a person a saint and then arrangements are made for the official
canonization cerimonies.
This process can take many years, even centuries.
Of course, the person became a saint the moment they entered heaven. The
Church just needs to investigate to make sure the candidate is worthy of
emulation and makes a good role model for future generations.
In 1456, 25 years after her death, Joan of Arc was acquitted for heresy charges and declared a martyr by Pope Callixtus the III. She was burned at the stake at 19 years old and is now considered a French heroine and Catholic Saint.
At least five years must elapse since the death of the candidate.
He was about 65 years old when he was martyred.
She was 28 when her canonization took place, which was only 4 years after her death.
Normally, a person would have to be dead at least five years before the process of canonization can be initiated. However, in extraordinary circumstances, the Pope can wave this requirement, as he has done in the case of Mother Teresa and Pope John Paul II.
Sister Alphonsa from Kerala was canonized October 18, 2008, 62 years after her death.
The canonization process can take as little as a few years to many centuries. There is no fixed time table. There are some causes for sainthood that go back for many hundreds of years and they still remain uncompleted for one reason or another. It took Joan of Arc about 500 years before she was canonized yet Saint Francis of Assisi was canonized in less than two years after his death.
Miracles were not required for declaring a person a saint in the early years of Chrisitianity. The person would have been declared a saint by popular acclamation to a bishop based on the lives and merits of the candidate. This was especially true if the person died the death of a martyr as it was felt that making this ultimate sacrifice for Our Lord would be an automatic designation of that person as a saint. Even today, miracles are not always a requirement for canonization, especially in the case of martyrs.
Two years after her death (August 11th, 1253) Pope Alexander IV canonized her (1255).
Yes, there was a saint named Eva. She was from North Africa and suffered a martyr's death in the early years of the Church.
Pope John Paul II was canonized two years after his death in 2005. He was declared a saint by the Catholic Church in 2014.
It is believed that Luke was 84 years old at the time of his death.