Adult mortality rates in Victorian Britain were significantly high, particularly due to Infectious Diseases, poor living conditions, and limited medical knowledge. Life expectancy for men was around 40 years, while women could expect to live slightly longer, often affected by high maternal mortality rates. Urban areas experienced worse conditions, leading to even higher mortality rates, especially among the working class. Improvements in sanitation, nutrition, and healthcare towards the end of the Victorian era began to gradually reduce these rates.
50%
Queen Victoria ruled Britain for a long period (1837-1901). There were great demographic changes. There was a decline in childhood mortality while the population in Britain increased. There was a rush from the rural places to the cities by the youth. There was a decline in the birth rate and the mortality rates due to better and improved medical facilities towards the end of the Victorian era.
The infant mortality rates make the total look high.
mortality rate - Death Rate
Infant mortality rates in Britain before 1900 were about 50% - that is half of live births resulted in a death within a year or so. This figure did not materially improve until after the first World War i.e. after the 1920s. Curiously, the plagues which killed more than a third of adults had little effect on child mortality.
The infant mortality rates for Brazil is 12 deaths per 1000 live births.
One of the causes of the excessive mortality rates in South Africa is AIDS.
In the United States, the leading cause of mortality is heart disease. Other major causes for the mortality rates in this country include cancer and accidents.
Better nutrition and better medical care are both reasons for the decline in mortality rates. Education about active lifestyles also reduces mortality rates.
Fertility rates are often inversely related to infant mortality rates; when infant mortality rates are high, families may choose to have more children to ensure that some survive to adulthood. Conversely, in societies where infant mortality rates are low, families may opt for fewer children, as the likelihood of their survival increases. Additionally, improved healthcare and living conditions that reduce infant mortality can lead to a decline in fertility rates as parents feel more secure in the survival of their offspring. This dynamic reflects broader social and economic changes that accompany shifts in both fertility and mortality rates.
Mortality rates for infants in Philippines are about 17 deaths per 1000 births. Mortality rates for males are about four times higher than for females in the Philippines.
mortality rate