EDIT: ScienceHeroes.com answers this question very well. You can find biographies of the scientists also. The website profiles lifesaving scientists that have saved lives.
Borlaug is in the top 6, but the top is Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch who created "synthetic fertilizer". Karl Landsteiner and Richard Lewisohn are next with the discovery of "blood groups", enabling safe blood transfusions. Edward Jenner, smallpox vaccination, rounds out the top 5.
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Norman Borlaug- Estimated 1 billion
He has saved approximately 1 billion people in his life so far from starvation.
Another top contestant is, believe it or not, Herbert Hoover. Before he ruined his reputation by getting elected president, he earned fame and adulation by arranging for the feeding of millions of people during and after World War I. Estimates of the number of lives saved range from a couple hundred million to 1.4 billion.
But, of course, it's hard to count something that's been prevented from happening.
antibiotics
No, it was not needed, but it was an available weapon, and its use probably saved human lives.
because it wiped out the black death (plague)
It is in fact the horseshoe crab.This is because the pharmaceutical industry use an extract of it's blood called Limulis amebocyte lysate, to test drugs, vaccines and medical devices such as artificial kidneys to ensure they are free of dangerous microbes. Therefore they have most likely saved saved billions of human lives.Source: Quite Interesting book, Volume 2
millions of lives are saved by animal testing
The bifocals haved saved lives by letting people see clearly.
lots and lots of lives have been saved by airbags. its indeed very cool.
Yes, this futuristic invention they call a "four wheeler" has saved many lives.
yes
Tweleven.
Yes.
Many people are surprised to learn that the toilet is the invention that has saved the most lives because of disease and sanitation issues. Many areas still do not have modern toilets, and the second leading cause of death of children under age 5 throughout the world is diarrhea.