potatoes
Among the foods listed, potatoes contain the most carbohydrates, as they are primarily composed of starch. Cheese and chicken are higher in protein and fats rather than carbohydrates, while nuts contain healthy fats and some protein, with only moderate amounts of carbohydrates. Therefore, if you're looking for a food high in carbohydrates from your list, potatoes are the primary source.
Yes, you can. Most of the time cheese is accompanied by potatoes and onion in the filling, to add texture and prevent it from being all cheese.
One can find a lot of good Peruvian food recipes. Some of the most famous and classics are yellow potatoes with chicken salad and corn salad with fresh cheese.
ice cream
Pasta, rice, potatoes, bread.
what are some common sources of carbohydrates
Many kinds but I'd say mashed potatoes is the most "popular." jell-o dough cheese mashed potatoes meatloaf
Most noodles are made of some kind of wheat (or similar) flour. There are lesser varieties made from rice and one or two other staples, but they are not so common.
cheese burger, hamburger, chicken burger etc
Peruvian foods include ceviche, stir fried beef (yes Chinese cooking is alive and well in Peru but most dishes are served with a side of fried potatoes), aji de gallina or creamy chicken, potatoes in cheese sauce, guinea pig, causa (potato casserole), stuffed spicy peppers, grilled alpaca heart, rice with duck, and Peruvian chicken rotisserie.
That depends how you make them. Potatoes on their own should not be considered protein, but rather a starchy carbohydrate. If you make your mashed potatoes with butter, a little milk and parmesan cheese like most people, you'll have as much protein as the milk/cheese contain. It all depends how much you add.
Some of the most popular foods include chicken, beef, potatoes, pizza, burgers,etc.