A coat, and often, ear muffs.
Peripheral vasoconstriction is the narrowing of blood vessels in the body's extremities, reducing blood flow to these areas. This helps to conserve heat by redirecting warm blood to the body's core organs, where it is needed the most for maintaining core temperature.
Water is the nutrient that helps regulate temperature.
Lipids
Hair and fur
fat tissue
Skin's regulatory function is mostly related to temperature regulation. A layer of fat helps hold in heat. Dilation or constriction of the blood vessels in the skin release or conserve heat. Sweating also helps cool your body through evaporation.
Cold Blooded animals, they can't create body heat so they need to find it somewhere else. If warm blooded animals get to the point that their in a climate they are not suited for, they must conserve their body heat. But technically ALL animals conserve body heat.
The hypodermis, the deepest layer of the skin, helps conserve heat to the body through its insulating properties. It contains a layer of adipose tissue, or fat, which acts as a thermal insulator, preventing heat from escaping the body. This adipose tissue also provides cushioning and protection to internal organs.
Over their chest
to conserve heat
Shivering and vasoconstriction... B for plato users (: