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The thyroid gland secretes several hormones classified as thyroxines. Thyroxines affect almost every cell in our body. When a thyroxine enters a somatic cell it can bind to the mitochondria or the nucleus. When a thyroxine binds to the mitochondria more cellular energy in the form of ATP is produced. When thyroxines attach to the nucleus, genes that are needed for energy production are activated so the production of can continue and the rate may even increase. Whenever the thyroid glans is removed, there is a lack of thyroxines, and in many cases artificial alternatives fail to compare. This results in less energy being produced at the cellular level and therefore an overall decrease in an individuals metabolism.

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