Parmenides, Socrates, Plato, Heraclitus, and Democritus.
The philosophies of Parmenides (being is unchanging) and Heraclitus (being is ceaselessly changing) seem to be irreconcilably opposed.
Parmenides argued that change is an illusion and that reality is unchanging and unified, while Heraclitus believed that change is fundamental to the nature of reality and that everything is in a state of constant flux. They both made significant contributions to early Greek philosophy by exploring and debating the nature of identity and change.
Heraclitus and Parmenides both explored fundamental questions about the nature of reality and change, albeit from different perspectives. They each proposed contrasting views: Heraclitus emphasized the ever-changing nature of the universe, famously stating that "you cannot step into the same river twice," while Parmenides argued for the permanence of being and the illusion of change. Despite their differences, both philosophers sought to understand the underlying principles of existence and contributed significantly to the foundations of Western philosophy. Their dialogues laid the groundwork for later philosophical inquiry into the nature of reality.
Plato's theory of forms was influenced by the teachings of his mentor, Socrates, and also drew upon ideas from Parmenides and Pythagoras. It is believed that these various sources combined to form Plato's unique theory of forms, which he articulated in his dialogues such as the "Republic" and the "Phaedo."
It was Parmenides and Heraclitus, because they're contribution is that they influenced other philosophers about their notion of the said idea, the first principles of all things. Parmenides believed that everything is permanent, change is only our illusion while Heraclitus argued that everything is in constant change. moreover, this made the other philosophers open. --- Hareld B. Olita
Parmenides was an ancient Greek philosopher who believed in the unity and immutability of existence. He argued that change and plurality are illusions, and that true reality is a single, unchanging, and eternal entity. Parmenides' philosophy influenced the development of metaphysics and epistemology in Western thought.
Some well known characters in Roman Philosophy are Thales, Heraclitus, Xenophanes, Parmenides, Zeno of Elea and Pluralists. All of these characters lived in the year 500 BCE.
The philosopher Parmenides argued that all is one, proposing that reality is a single, unchanging substance that is eternal and unchanging. He asserted that change and plurality are illusions, and that the true nature of reality is a single, unified entity.
Heraclitus was born in -535.
Aristotle was influnced greatly by Plato who was influenced by parmenides. look it up, there's a bunch of things on Plato and parmenides.
The theory of opposites is not a widely accepted or commonly used theory in modern scientific or philosophical contexts. It is primarily associated with ancient Greek philosophy, particularly the teachings of Heraclitus and Empedocles.