The plasma membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer and some proteins. The transmembrane proteins are the structures which are involved in the transport of molecules in or through the cell.
In osmosis, large molecules like proteins and polysaccharides do not move across the membrane. Only smaller molecules such as water and ions can pass through the membrane during osmosis.
Large molecules such as proteins are typically unable to move across the membrane during osmosis. One example is starch molecules, which are too large to pass through the membrane pores.
Carrier proteins facilitate passive transport of molecules across a membrane by changing its shape, by using ATP, to allow a substance to pass through the membrane.
Large polar molecules pass through the membrane by using specific transport proteins that facilitate their movement across the lipid bilayer.
Capillary exchange... You have a higher blood pressure and a lower osmotic pressure at the arteriole end of the capillary, this causes water to leave the capillary. The gases oxygen and carbon dioxide and nutrients like glucose and amino acids follow their concentration gradients and diffuse across the capillary membrane. At the venule end of a capillary your blood pressure is less than that of osmotic pressure and water returns to the capillary.Hope this helped. I'm Looking for diagrams of this same thing. Any ideas?Here is a website I found that might help out too.http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/folder_structure/tr/m3/s10/trm3s10_2.htm
A carrier protein helps transport molecules across a cell membrane by binding to specific molecules and changing shape to move them across the membrane.
Water molecules freely diffuse across a semipermeable membrane.
Water-soluble molecules diffuse through the cell membrane by passing through protein channels or transporters that are embedded in the membrane. These channels and transporters allow the molecules to move across the membrane, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without requiring energy.
Glucose is too big to pass through.
Diffusion through a semipermeable membrane occurs when molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, passing through the membrane. This process is driven by the natural tendency of molecules to spread out and reach equilibrium. The semipermeable membrane allows only certain molecules to pass through based on their size and charge, regulating the movement of substances across the membrane.
If the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, nothing will happen to the molecules. Osmosis only occurs when there is an imbalance of the molecules across the cell membrane.
Sugar molecules do not diffuse through a plant cell membrane because they are too large and polar to pass through the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. Instead, sugar molecules are transported across the membrane by specific transport proteins, such as sugar transporters, that facilitate their movement into the cell.