No. To create steam you need another fuel. Coal, or wood is most commonly used to heat the water to create steam. We do not need to go back to the days of dirty trains blowing smoke.
Yes, steam engines were still very much in use in 1948, however diesel electric engines were gradually coming to most railroads.
The conversion by the railroads from steam to diesel was relatively slow, in part by attrition. By 1952, 50% of the locomotive power in the US had converted over to diesel. The remaining steam engines were phased out for regular train use by about 1968. From the 1970's, steam engines have had limited use for excursion trains, park use, etc.
Steam engines and diesel engines are heat engines. An electric motor isn't an engine - it converts and transfers power, but doesn't actually create it.
Of an individual diesel engine and an individual steam engine of the same energy output the diesel engine would be less polluting. It is far more efficient. However, there are far more diesel engines than steam engines in the world today so overall diesel engines pollute more than steam engines.
Most steam engines except those used on tourist railroads have been replaced with the more efficient steam turbine engines.
Steam engines.
Steam engines (trains) evolved in to diesel and then electric. Steam engines like beam engines gave way to massive turbines many fueled by electric and other fossil fuel
Steam power; Diesel engines, Electricity, and a very few gasoline engines.
Steam engines and railroads.
diesel and gasoline engines
Diesel engines were named after Rudolf Diesel (1858 - 1913) who was a German mechanical engineer. He invented the diesel engine to replace slower steam engines. Anshika Bangalore
Diesel and gasoline engines began to replace steam engines in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The widespread adoption of internal combustion engines in automobiles and trucks during the early 1900s, alongside advancements in diesel technology, contributed to the decline of steam power. By the mid-20th century, steam engines had largely been replaced in most applications, particularly in transportation. However, steam engines continued to be used in certain industries, such as power generation, for several decades thereafter.