What is the favourable climatic condition for growing tea and coffee?

Answer 1

Following are the climatic conditions required for production of COFFEE:

TEMPERATURE:
Needs high temp. of 15 - 30 degrees C.
Frost and Hail is BAD.


RAINFALL:
It ranges from 70% - 90%
Rainfall varying from 125cm. - 250 cm. is good.


SOIL:
It grows well in DEEP, POROUS, and WATER RETENTIVE soils with HUMUS content.


RELIEF:
Stagnant water - HARMFUL.
generally grown on well drained hill slopes

Answer 2

Coffee is the second most popular beverage of India. Its cultivation is confined in South India. Favorable Geographical Conditions for the Cultivation: Coffee is grown on the tropical highlands. Coffee is a typical highland crop of the Tropics. It requires temperature between 16 degree C and 28 degree C all the year round. It is sensitive to cold and frost. Direct sunrays are injurious to the plant; it is often grown in the shades of other trees. The coffee plant needs a rainfall ranging between 125 cm and 200 cm. The rainfall should be well distributed throughout the year. Hilly slopes are suitable for coffee plantation; because, the land can be kept free from water logging. In fact, the mountain slopes at elevations varying from 500-1800 meters in the tropical highlands are the best for its plantation. The coffee plant needs deep loamy soil formed from weathered lava. Coffee soils in India belong to red and later tic soils. They are rich in iron and organic matter. Coffee cultivation needs plenty of labor for planting, seeding transplanting, plucking the coffee cherries, and processing of coffee in the factory. In India, most of the coffee grown, belongs to the Arabic or the Roberta verities. The Arabic a variety is of superior quality.

Answer 3

Until some fifty years ago, tea plants were raised from tea seeds that were known as seedlings. Each plantation grew its own seed bearers in tea trees, which can grow to a height of about 50 feet (15m). metres). Since then young plants have been raised from cuttings obtained from a mother bush, which is a strong, rich plant specifically selected for propagation. The cuttings are planted in polythene sleeves filled with soil. Bracken shades are often used to shade the young plants and protect them from the wind, while irrigation trenches are dug to provide water.

When the plants are approximately 9 to 12 months* of age, they are ready to be re-planted in the tea fields. Great care is taken to prepare the soil in the areas due to be re-planted to prevent the spread of diseases and to ensure that the soil is as fertile as possible.

Cultivation

The young plants that have been carefully nurtured in nurseries for up to a year are then re-planted in especially prepared fields following the natural contours of the land, or sometimes, on specially prepared terraces to help irrigation and to prevent erosion. The plants are planted 3 to 5 feet (1 to 1.5 metres) apart. The tea plant is adaptable to a wide range of climates and soils provided there is abundant and evenly distributed rainfall (not less than about 85 inches/216cm). Manuring periodically, either with artificial or cattle manure is necessary in order to preserve the bushes in a healthy and vigorous condition. Maintaining soil condition is a vital element to tea propagation. It takes approximately two to three years, depending on the elevation and climatic conditions, before these plants are ready to produce tea.

Pruning

When the young plant develops to a height of about half a metre above ground level, it is cut back (i.e. pruned) to within a few inches off the ground to set it on course to develop into a flat-topped bush. Once fully developed, a tea bush is approximately 3 ½ feet (1m) in height, and continues to be pruned in cycles of 1-2 years at low altitude and 3-5 years at higher altitudes. The timing of pruning is also dependent on the rainfall, as it is essential that there is sufficient moisture in the soil.

Therefore, the three principle objectives for cyclical pruning of fully developed and yielding tea bushes are:

i. To stimulate shoot growth - The tea bush is pruned to encourage the growth of new shoots or 'flush'. Regular pruning also prevents flowering and fruit formation. Additionally, pruning creates a wider flat-top bush which in turn increases the number of plucking points per tea bush.

ii. To maintain a healthy frame

iii. To maintain a convenient height for easy harvesting ¬- The growth of the tea bush has to be modified in order to create a low, flat, wide bush so as to make it easily accessible for picking.

Plucking

The activity of harvesting fresh young shoots from the mature tea bushes is known as plucking or picking. Each pluck takes only the flush of two tender leaves and bud of tender and succulent fresh growth. Within seven to ten days the bushes grow new shoots and are then re-plucked. This skilled job is traditionally carried out by women who are adept at picking the shoots, breaking them off by twisting the leaves and bud with their fingers and deftly throwing handfuls of shoots into the carrier baskets resting on their backs. Taking two leaf shoots and end bud constitutes fine plucking and this forms good quality tea, while four leaves and the bud forms coarse plucking and yields tea of lower quality.

Picking is still done by hand in Sri Lanka in order to preserve the quality of the harvest. The pluckers have a daily target of 20kg and are given a bonus for every kilogram over 20kgs that they pluck. Between two and three thousand leaves are needed to produce just one kilo of unprocessed tea, which is an indication of the enormous quantities of leaf that is plucked each day.

Once picked, the fresh leaf is weighed and transported to the tea factory.

Answer 4

Growing coffee requires a 'tropical climate'. Here's the definition from Wikipedia:

A tropical climate is a climate typically found within the tropics, while a few locations outside the Tropics are considered to have a tropical climate. In the Köppen climate classification it is a non-aridclimate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures of at least 18 °C (64 °F). Unlike the subtropics, where there are significant variations in day length and temperature to various degrees, with season, tropical temperature remains relatively constant throughout the year and seasonal variations are dominated by precipitation.

Answer 5

coffee needs 59 to75 degrees of temperature, abundant rainfall,humid climate, sunshine and cloudiness

Answer 6

20 degree