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The source of lightning in thunderhead clouds is when there is a significant amount of ice in the cloud, most likely hail and there are 2 differing charges in 2 areas. The negative charge is at the bottom of the cloud, while the positive charge is at the top of the cloud. The ground is positively charge until there is an electrical discharge between the negatively charged cloud base and the positively charged ground, then it becomes mostly negative which then can open up the opportunity for a lightning bolt to jump from the top of the cloud, all the way down to the ground in another electrical discharge that is of greater electrical potential (voltage) than the first electrical discharge between the cloud base and the ground. This is because it takes more voltage to have a visible electrical discharge over a longer distance. There has to be 30,000 volts/cm of distance for a visible electrical discharge to occur.

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17y ago

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