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Seismic waves have helped scientists learn the various densities of the Earth's many layers because the speed of primary shock waves moving through the earth generally increases with depth. This is because as density increases, seismic wave velocity increases. While P-waves travel through the Earth's crust at an average of about four miles (6.4 km) per second, they reach an average of seven miles (11.3 km) per second at the center of the Earth. When the shock waves suddenly shift in direction and speed, scientists are able to determine the depths at which Earth's various layers are located.

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Related Questions

Why should you know about earths layers?

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How are the layers of the earth related to the movement of the earth's tectonic plates?

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