How does the structure of an area affect the amount of runoff?

Answer 1

Runoff increase with lack of permeability, rake of the surface and flames of the surface.Imagine an area which is perfectly smooth, tilted at a steep angle and covered with Teflon. Water sprayed on it will run off almost immediately. This is the worse\t case.

Now imagine:

• The same area covered with sponge rubber will absorb and retain water
  
• The same area flat to the ground will retain sone water
  
• The same area - flat to the ground - who's surface is pocked and irregular will have pooled or retained water.
  
• The same area in any position but covered with porous material (cloth for example) will allow water to pass through the surface to be trapped belowThe same area covered with plants will retain water (spongy) absorb water into the plants and evaporate it.
  

Answer 2

The structure of an area, such as roads, buildings, and parking lots, can increase runoff by limiting the amount of permeable surfaces available to absorb water. Impermeable surfaces can cause water to run off quickly into storm drains, leading to increased flooding and erosion. Proper planning and design of green spaces and permeable surfaces can help reduce runoff and mitigate its effects.