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Because the Earth's axis is inclined in relation to the plane of its orbit around the sun, the northern and southern hemispheres spend one half of each orbit around the sun facing toward and away from the sun, respectively. When a hemisphere is facing away from the sun, this causes winter. When a hemisphere is facing toward the sun, this causes summer. A planet whose axis were not tilted and whose orbit were circular and not elliptical would not experience any seasonal variations.

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17y ago

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