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LATITUDE

Latitude has a major effect on climate due to the fact that one of the major latitude lines is the equator. And because of how the the sun's rays have different angles (going diagonal) , the distance to travel from the sun to the equator is actually quicker than any other angle and the heat is practically more intact because in any other angle the sun's rays have longer to travel and the heat starts to be not quite as hot as in the start of the journey. Another reason is because when you have a ray going in a different angle the heat has more land to cover before re-transmitting back to space. The rays that are pretty straight and horizontal, have less space to cover because they are Direct Sun Rays. Low Latitudes are the degrees closer to the equator for e.g. 30N is quite hot. High Latitudes are colder and far from the equator such as 570S. The areas around the equator are known as Equatorial Regions. All around the world, except the equator, seasons are quite distinct such as in summer there is high sun, long days and in winter there is low sun and short days. In the equatorial regions the seasons are not quite obvious. The more distance from the equator, the more distinct the seasons become. It might come as a surprise, but the equator is not exactly the hottest place on the earth due to it's high cloud cover. During the night, the clouds reduce the amount of heat escaping. The highest temperature is actually near the Tropics where the atmosphere is not as cloudy.

ALTITUDE

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